They chart the entire range of land tenure agents from the ghanaian state and its bureaucrats, through donors and foreign investors to private ghanaian investors. Gross revenue, paidout costs, net revenue, and labor inputs for mature cocoa production at the field level, by average age of cocoa trees, in. Ghana land administration project english the world bank. In most parts of the country, particularly in the northern regions, women generally have difficulties in accessing land except where there is a male guarantor, or where. It is an important factor affecting the present utilization of land in the world and it also serves as a legal instrument through which land reforms can be started or assisted. The impact evaluation in ghana focuses on the household and plotlevel effects of systematic land titling activities of the ltr, led by the millennium development authority, in the awutueffutusenya area district 01 of ghana. Influence of land tenure practices on artisanal mining. Acquired land in four african countries, january 2004march 2009 2. Assessment of land tenure related constraints to cocoa productivity in ghana 2 contributing to the increased vulnerability of local land administration processes to local political dynamics. For cxamplc, famoriyo 1976 wrote that as far as the customary tenure system in nigeria was concerned, the attitude of colonial rulers in nigeria was paternalistic, iaissezfaire. Nonetheless, the customary land tenure system can be broken down into four rights to land as guided by the land title registration law of 1986, and these.
Over the past few decades, attempts by governments in subsaharan africa to regulate or formalize asm as a result of the sectors increasing socioeconomic and environmental importance have largely been unsuccessful. Dec 27, 2018 land tenure is another phrase for land ownership, frequently used outside of the united states. In ghana, local land governance structures that determine and control land use decisionmaking are chiefs in the centralised traditional political authority of southern ghana and parts of northern region of ghana, families, clans and tendamba 1 in the case of upper west see fig. Echoing from state and customary land ownership systems, there are two typol. This is a system whereby a person pays a certain sum of money for the right of ownership of a piece of land.
Pdf land tenure basically refers to the system of formal and informal institutions governing peoples relationship with one another and with. They include research on land tenure and agriculture bugri, 2008, land title registration in ghana agbosu, 1990. Its components are the system of land ownership and system of labour organization. Ghana landlinks landlinks was created by e3land, a. Land tenure system makes the ownership of land more secure and permanent, which is very. Each land deal whether transparent or opaque deprives customary land users of two of their most relevant resources. Distribution of all sample fields under different land tenure regimes by landuse type in ghana 46 5. The debate on formalization of property rights through registration of land, private versus customary tenure systems, and which system would best address the needs of vulnerable groups is also ongoing in ghana. The land tenure system is often described as communal. The evaluation methodology is a spatial regression discontinuity design. The flexibility and complexity of land tenure systems in subsaharan. Land tenure system helps a cultivator to establish rights of ownership of land by farmers. Based on these findings, the team recommends a phased intervention that 1 provides a comprehensive. The ghana land policy action node was formed in 2012 to implement the threeyear land access and tenure security project latsip in the northern region of ghana, identified as a breadbasket area by the ministry of food and agriculture.
Ghana landlinks landlinks was created by e3land, a usaid. Most of the agricultural land in ghana is under communal ownership. Land tenure and related institutions gender and land. It also championed the struggle for independence and the political and economic emancipation of the rest of the countries on the continent in the 1960s. Alivelihood is sustainable when it can cope with, land tenure and rural development 3 2. The adaptability of african communal land tenure to.
And at the very least, this domestic system of what we might. Land tenure system in nigeria has been described as those systems which represent the relationship of man in society to land even though actual patterns may differ from community to community but there are certain uniformities of type in relations involved which make it. The land act 1998 identifies the four forms of land tenure systems in uganda which include customary, leasehold, freehold and mailo, grants. Pdf land tenure systems and agricultural productivity in. Customary land holdings in ghana exemplify this power.
This is the perception that is purported of traditional land ownership and management systems and has become stereotypical or the mindset of many. The flexible land tenure system flts is an innovative concept to provide affordable security of tenure to inhabitants in informal settlements in namibia the basic idea of the flexible land tenure system is to establish an interchangeable tenure registration system parallel and complementary to the current formal system of freehold tenure. Dec 02, 2016 the impact evaluation in ghana focuses on the household and plotlevel effects of systematic land titling activities of the ltr, led by the millennium development authority, in the awutueffutusenya area district 01 of ghana. The effects of existing land tenure systems on land use in kenya today chege waiganjo and paul e. Latsip is being implemented in the northern region by a consortium of ghanaian and international organizations. If we achieve our objectives, then we should be able to demonstrate. Land tenure is important in rural development interventions which place an emphasis on building peoples endowments of assets so they can enjoy sustainable livelihoods. Customary land tenure system in ghana and its problems yen. About 80 percent of land in ghana is under customary tenure pande and udry 2005. Gender dimensions of youth access to agricultural land.
Customary and statutory land tenure and land policy in ghana. For cxamplc, famoriyo 1976 wrote that as far as the customary tenure system in nigeria was concerned, the attitude of colonial rulers in nigeria was paternalistic, iaissezfaire a attitude, of noninterference by the ruling authority. Expost analysis of land title registration in ghana since. In the process, we hope to show that service by the traditional system of the capitalist sector of the economy lies at the root of economic underdevelopment in ghana. May 11, 2003 this was possible because unlike ghana, the land tenure system in the ivory coast makes it easier for largescale commercial agricultural activities to coexist with peasant agriculture. The main forms of land tenure systems are explained and the positive and negative impacts of each. The vast majority 68% of ghanas land is used for agriculture and 15% of it is used as permanent natural pastures. Tf noname bbfaofood and agriculture organization fund. Ghana land policy to the rescue formulated in 1999 with the longterm goal of stimulating economic development, reducing poverty and promoting social stability by improving security of land tenure, simplifying the process for accessing land lap implementing the policy. Private ownership of land can be acquired by way of a grant, sale, gift or marriage. Communal land is controlled by lineage or clanbased land owning groups and allocated to individuals or households on a usufructuary basis. International journal of african and asian studies. Usaid country profile landlinks was created by e3land, a.
In the nineteenth century, when there was a substantial increase in demand for land for the oil palm against a background of relative land abundance in ghana, the system responded with land sales, tenancy and other temporary transfers which allowed enterprising migrant farmers, notably krobo farmers, access to land, while sufficient parcels. There are various types of land tenure systems in uganda under under which citizens and foreigners can buy land, own and utilize it. The environmental effect of land use in the tenure systems in ghana. Types of land tenure systems in uganda land ownership in uganda. Ghana, as many african countries, maintains a plural system of land tenure, comprising mainly of the customary land tenure systems and the formal land administration systems, which often overlap and contradict each other. Accra was selected because it is the capital city of ghana with more complex land tenure ownership and registration procedures which slows investment and development. The land tenure system in ghana depicts the law of the jungle only the fittest of the fit can survive. The above shows that land tenure system in ghana, like that of other forms of land ownership is seated in antiquity acquaye and murphy, 1973. Land tenure, land use and land acquisition in nigeria. This paper examines the land tenure system in ghana and its impact on the environment. Land guards, state subordination and human rights in ghana. Public lands are lands that are vested in the president for public use 24. Article 11 of the 1992 constitution firmly enshrines legal pluralism within ghanas legal system.
A synthesis of the literature 4 locations influence womens tenure rights and security. Feudal land tenure is a system of mutual obligations under which a royal or noble personage granted a fiefdom some degree of interest in the use or revenues of a given parcel of land in exchange for a claim on services such as military service or simply maintenance of the land in which the lord continued to have an interest. One of the objectives of this work is to shed light on the linkages between the exploitative capitalist sector and the traditional communal system. This would help the farmers to establish a link between the cultivators is the government. By contrast, the traditional communal land tenure system in ghana, in which land is. Individuals in this region primarily obtain land for. How could the same land tenure system accommodate the largescale transition from food crops into cocoa at the opening of the 20th century and so dramatically inhibit investment in land productivity in the same area at the. Using primary data complemented by documentary evidence, the perceptions of community members concerning the evolving customary land tenure practices in wasa amenli, various forms or land documentation. This was possible because unlike ghana, the land tenure system in the ivory coast makes it easier for largescale commercial agricultural activities to coexist with peasant agriculture.
Land tenure system in nigeria has been described as those systems which represent the relationship of man in society to land even though actual patterns may differ from community to community but there are certain uniformities of type in relations involved which make it possible to apply a common scheme of analysis 1 6. Land tenure is the system of legal rights and obligations governing the holding, acquisition, use, and disposal of land. Land tenure reform refers to a planned change in the terms and conditions e. Introduction the issue of land has always been seen as an all mens affair. Land tenure and related institutions gender and land rights. Land tenure systems and agricultural production in malawi. Vast areas of savannah and semidesert land are in tenure by pastoralists and indigenous communities. Tf053449canadian international development agency cida cofinancing for ghana.
About 80% of the area in ghana is governed by the traditional rulers, which by extension means the customary land tenure system in ghana provides the guideline for land use and acquisition. Investor profile in ethiopia, ghana, madagascar and mali. Acta universitatis agriculturae et silviculturae mendelianae brunensis, 646. How does customary law define the very legal or cultural identity of indigenous peoples and local communities. Similarly, agricultural productivity in the study area was shown to be. Land tenure documentation essentially entails the writing of the name of the person and the right held by the. Land tenure policy and economic development in ghana. The great majority of land in ghana is held informally, under customary tenure systems.
Land can either be owned in perpetuity or for a given period of time. Findings the study has revealed that land tenure insecurity is still widespread in southern africa. This paper explores the land ownership and use arrangements in wasa amenfi noting that both external and internal influences have resulted in adaptations in the traditional land tenure system. The institutional arrangements for land tenure in ghana can be. Background and justification tenure documentation is significant for every country, especially in the developing world. Meeting on land tenure systems and sustainable development in southern africa held 1 3 october 2003, in lusaka, zambia, and their comments have been incorporated into this report. The complexities of women land ownership in northern ghana. The role of customary land secretariats in promoting good. The adaptability of african communal land tenure to economic. The regime however, enacted legislation to control virtually every aspect of land ownership, creation of tenures and the handling of land revenue.
Pdf the environmental effect of land use in the tenure systems. Introduction concern about land tenure and its impact on land use as well as the management of natural resources is not a recent phenomenon in kenya and indeed in the. Customary land tenure and land documentation in the was a. As aforementioned, the phenomenon of land guards surged in the period following ghanas return to constitutional rule in 1992. Ghana is characterized by a pluralistic legal system in which customary and statutory systems governing land overlap. Land guards exist primarily to meet a demand for land protection services.
Land tenure is another phrase for land ownership, frequently used outside of the united states. Click download or read online button to get customary and statutory land tenure and land policy in ghana book now. Types of land tenure systems in uganda land ownership in. Land tenure may be defined as the terms and conditions on which land is held, used and transacted. Gender, youth, land, access, customary tenure, techiman background of the study youth are important human capital for the socioeconomic development of ghana and sub. Apr 30, 2009 the land administration project lap1 is the first phase of a commitment by the government of ghana to use the land administration programme to reduce poverty and enhance economicsocial growth by improving security of tenure, simplifying the process of acquiring land by the populace, developing the land market and fostering prudent land. The main forms of land tenure systems are explained and the positive. Gender dimensions of youth access to agricultural land under. In africa, a large portion of arable land is in tenure by smallscale farmers often women.
Land tenure reform and customary claims negotiability in rural. There are many different types of land tenure, including private and public ownership, and each type of land tenure comes with a bundle of rights for the use and disposition of the property. Land use regulations and urban planning initiatives in accra. Pdf beyond panaceas in land tenure systems in ghana. Land use regulations and urban planning initiatives in. It is important to stress that although the individual may acquire land and have right to its usage even for life, the truth is that the individual did not own the land as such but enjoyed its usufruct. Distribution of land use before acquisition and in 1997 by land tenure type in ghana 46 5. Land tenure, women land conflicts, ownership, endogenous development subject areas. The land administration project lap1 is the first phase of a commitment by the government of ghana to use the land administration programme to reduce poverty and enhance economicsocial growth by improving security of tenure, simplifying the process of acquiring land by the populace, developing the land market and fostering prudent land. The issue of land tenure, allocation, distribution and management since the colonial times has been a bone of contention often leading to conflict as people scramble for the fertile, mineral deposited lands in the republic of ghana. Lessons of experience and emerging issues lorenzo cotula, camilla toulmin and ced hesse february 2004 copies of this publication can be obtained from. Land acquired through this means can be used for any means. Land tenure system makes the ownership of land more secure and permanent, which is very much important for the development of agriculture. It is estimated that 80 percent of the land is governed by traditional rulers 22.
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